The paper "Universal Gravitational Wave Signatures of Cosmological Solitons" by Kaloian D. Lozanov, Misao Sasaki, and Volodymyr Takhistov discusses how cosmological solitonic objects such as monopoles, cosmic strings, domain walls, oscillons, and Q-balls are accompanied by a novel production source of gravitational waves stemming from soliton isocurvature perturbations, which can be observable in upcoming gravitational wave experiments. The paper demonstrates that these scenarios extend the frequency range of produced gravitational waves by more than two orders of magnitude regardless of the ALP mass and decay constant.
The paper "CATS: The Hubble Constant from Standardized TRGB and Type Ia Supernova Measurements" by D. Scolnic et al. describes the use of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) as a standard candle for measuring the Hubble constant. By applying an optimized unsupervised algorithm to an expanded sample of SN Ia hosts and standardizing these to multiple fields in the geometric anchor, they obtain a result of $H_0=73.22 \pm 2.06$ km/s/Mpc.
The paper "Addressing the self-interaction for ELDER dark matter from the 21-cm signal" by Basu et al. investigates the self-interaction of dark matter and the strength of such interactions in the context of the ELDER model, using experimental results of the global 21-cm spectrum of neutral hydrogen from the era of cosmic dawn. The study indicates the presence of multi-component dark matter of different mass ranges in the universe.
The paper by Axel Brandenburg et al. explores the evolution of magnetic fields coupled with chiral fermion asymmetry in the framework of chiral magnetohydrodynamics with zero initial total chirality, with implications for baryogenesis after axion inflation. The authors consider two opposite cases where the ratio of the length scale of the chiral plasma instability (CPI) to the characteristic scale of the turbulence is smaller and larger than unity, and find that the magnetic helicity and chirality cancel each other at all times.
The paper titled "Constraining low-scale dark phase transitions with cosmological observations" by Shihao Deng and Ligong Bian investigates the effects of low-scale cosmological phase transitions on neutrino decoupling and uses observations of big bang nucleosynthesis and cosmic microwave background to constrain the parameters of such transitions. The authors consider phase transitions occurring at the MeV scale, which can produce a stochastic gravitational wave background to be probed by pulsar timing array experiments.
The paper "Early Structure Formation from Cosmic String Loops in Light of Early JWST Observations" by Hao Jiao et al. explores the effects of cosmic strings on early structure formation and compares their predictions with those of the standard Gaussian $\Lambda$CDM model. They find that strings with a mass per unit length of $G\mu = 10^{-8}$ can explain the preliminary JWST data on high redshift stellar mass density.
The paper "Revisiting Friedmann-like cosmology with torsion: newest constraints from high-redshift observations" by Liu et al. uses the latest high-redshift data to constrain a cosmological model with spacetime torsion, finding that the torsion plus cosmological constant model is strongly favored by the data. The determined Hubble constant is in good agreement with that derived from the Planck 2018 CMB results, and there is no significant deviation from flat spatial hypersurfaces.
The paper by Babak et al. uses the latest constraints on the population of stellar origin binary black holes (SOBBH) from LVK observations to estimate the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) they generate in the frequency band of LISA, accounting for the faint and distant binaries which contribute the most to the SGWB. The study provides an inference of the probability distribution of the SGWB amplitude and performs a Monte Carlo analysis to assess LISA's capability to detect and characterise this signal.
The paper titled "Stochastic gravitational wave background constraints from Gaia DR3 astrometry" by Santiago Jaraba et al. uses proper motion data provided by Gaia DR3 to fit a generic dipole+quadrupole field and analyzes several quasar-based datasets to derive upper bounds on the energy density of the stochastic gravitational wave background. They derive an upper bound on the energy density of the SGWB $h_{70}^2\Omega_{\rm GW}\lesssim 0.087$ for $4.2\times 10^{-18}~\mathrm{Hz}\lesssim f\lesssim 1.1\times 10^{-8}~\mathrm{Hz}$ for the cleanest dataset.
The paper titled "Priors for symbolic regression" by Deaglan J. Bartlett, Harry Desmond, Pedro G. Ferreira discusses the incorporation of prior information on both functions and their parameters into symbolic regression, using a $n$-gram language model to develop a prior on the structure of a function and a formalism based on the Fractional Bayes Factor to treat numerical parameter priors. They compare the performance of their priors to literature standards on benchmarks and a real-world dataset from the field of cosmology. Arxiv URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06333v1.
The paper, "Exploring Mirror Twin Higgs Cosmology with Present and Future Weak Lensing Surveys" by Lei Zu et al., explores the potential of precision cosmological data to study the Mirror Twin Higgs (MTH) model, which introduces dark sector particles to address the Higgs little hierarchy problem. The authors perform a Bayesian global analysis including the latest cosmic shear measurement from the DES three-year survey and the Planck CMB and BAO data, and find that the MTH model has the potential to alleviate both the $H_0$ and $S_8$ tensions if the $S_8$ tension persists in the future and approaches the result reported by the Planck SZ (2013) analysis.
The paper "A new marked correlation function scheme for testing gravity" by Armijo et al. introduces a new scheme based on the marked correlation function to probe gravity using the large-scale structure of the Universe, and illustrates the approach by applying it to simulations of $f(R)$ modified gravity theory and general relativity. The authors use the observed number density and two-point clustering to fix the halo occupation distribution model parameters and build mock galaxy catalogues, and estimate the local density using a Voronoi tessellation to generate a mark for galaxies when computing the marked correlation function.
The paper "TOI-733 b -- a planet in the small-planet radius valley orbiting a Sun-like star" reports the discovery of a hot planet with a radius of approximately 2 Earth radii and a mass of approximately 6 Earth masses, placing it in the transition region between rocky and volatile-rich planets with H/He-dominated envelopes on the mass-radius diagram, and suggesting that it may be a highly irradiated ocean world.
The paper titled "Revisiting K2-233 spectroscopic time-series with multidimensional Gaussian Processes" by Barragán et al. presents a reanalysis of spectroscopic data for the young star K2-233 using a multidimensional Gaussian Process regression to characterize the planetary Doppler signals, resulting in improved precision measurements of the planetary masses.
The paper "Investigating the asymmetric chemistry in the disk around the young star HD 142527" by Temmink et al. uses archival ALMA observations to study the molecular composition of the HD 142527 disk, finding a decrement in the emission at the location of the dust trap for most observed molecules and determining that thermal sublimation of icy mantles does not play a major role in changing the gas-phase composition.
The paper presents a physically derived parameterization for the eddy diffusion profile of gas giant exoplanets and explores its impact on the chemical composition, thermal structure, haze microphysics, and transit spectra of hot-Jupiters. The authors demonstrate that increasing the eddy profile enhances the photochemical production of haze particles and reduces their average radius, providing a steeper UV-Visible slope. URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06314v1
The paper "A Gaia Data Release 3 View on the Tip of the Red Giant Branch Luminosity" by Siyang Li et al. presents a new calibration of the luminosity of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) using Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) photometry. The authors find a TRGB magnitude of $M^{TRGB}_I=-3.970^{+0.042}_{-0.024}$ (sys) $\pm$ $0.062$ (stat) mag.
The paper by Nicholas P. Herrington et al. presents hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic simulations of sub galactic regions, including photoionizing and supernova feedback, to investigate the impact of previous generations of stars on triggering star formation and driving gas dynamics. The study finds that the main role of a prior population is triggering star formation and contributing to gas dynamics, with early time supernova from the initial population being important in triggering new star formation and driving gas motions on larger scales above 100 pc, while the ionizing feedback contribution has less impact.
The paper by Harikane et al. presents spectroscopic constraints on UV luminosity functions and cosmic star formation rate densities from 25 galaxies at $z_\mathrm{spec}=8.61-13.20$, confirming 16 galaxies at $z_\mathrm{spec}=8.61-11.40$ and deriving the best estimates and lower limits of the UV luminosity functions, which are consistent with previous photometric estimates and indicate mild redshift evolution towards z~12. They also obtain firm lower limits of the cosmic SFR densities and spectroscopically confirm a high SFR density at z~12 beyond the constant star-formation efficiency models, supporting earlier claims from photometric studies.
The paper "LeMMINGs. VI. Connecting nuclear activity to bulge properties of active and inactive galaxies: radio scaling relations and galaxy environment" by Dullo et al. uses Hubble Space Telescope bulge properties and 1.5 GHz e-MERLIN nuclear radio continuum data to study the relationship between nuclear activity and bulge properties in active and inactive galaxies, finding distinct (radio core luminosity)-(bulge mass) relations and discussing the importance of bulge mass in determining AGN triggering processes. The arxiv URL is http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06642v1.
The paper by Smith et al. uses the Planck-SZ2 galaxy cluster catalogue and near-infrared photometry of galaxies from the VISTA Hemisphere Survey to identify candidate brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) in 306 massive clusters in the Southern skies at redshifts of $z>0.1$. The authors make their catalog publicly available to assist colleagues interested in multi-wavelength studies of cluster cores and the search for gravitationally lensed explosive transients in upcoming surveys including the Legacy Survey of Space and Time by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.
The paper by Salvador Cardona-Barrero et al. explores the controversial anti-correlation between the central density of dark matter halos and the pericentric distances of the Milky Way's dwarf spheroidal galaxies, using available literature data to quantify its statistical significance and exploring different assumptions on the Milky Way's gravitational potential. They find that while data generally support the anti-correlation, it is statistically significant at only a 3-sigma level in around 12% of the combinations of parameters explored.
The paper "Star-formation-rate estimates from water emission" by K. M. Dutkowska and L. E. Kristensen proposes a novel method to estimate the star formation rate (SFR) in galaxies using molecular outflows and the related emission of para-H2O at 988 GHz as a tracer. The authors introduce a galaxy-in-a-box model to relate the molecular emission from star formation to SFRs, and evaluate the derived results by comparing them with observations, finding that the current model underestimates the total galactic emission and overestimates the SFRs, particularly for more starburst-like configurations.
The paper by Hui Li and Yun Chen applies the lens-redshift distribution test to updated galaxy-scale strong lensing samples and typical cosmological models to constrain parameters such as $\Omega_{m0}$ and the dark energy equation of state. They find that the lens-redshift distribution test is more effective in constraining $\Omega_{m0}$ than the dark energy EoS. (Title: Cosmological application of the lens-redshift probability distribution with improved galaxy-scale gravitational lensing sample, URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06529v1)
The paper "Origin of neutron capture elements with the Gaia-ESO survey: the evolution of s- and r-process elements across the Milky Way" by Molero et al. studies the abundance patterns and radial gradients of s-process, r-process, and mixed-process elements in the Galactic thin disc using a two-infall chemical evolution model and data from the Gaia-ESO survey, finding that quick sources dominate Eu production and MNS and MR-SNe are necessary to reproduce observations.
The paper "Direct observations of the atomic-molecular phase transition in the Milky Way's nuclear wind" by Noon et al. presents new observations of high-velocity atomic gas clouds in the Milky Way's wind and investigates their relationship with the molecular phase at small scales. The authors find that some of the clouds contain detectable CO emissions, implying the presence of H$_2$ at low column densities, and suggest a scenario where pre-existing molecular gas from the disc is swept up by the Galactic wind and dissociates into atomic hydrogen as it flows away from the Galaxy.
The paper "Fermionic Dark Matter: Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology" by Arguüelles et al. provides an overview of the possible fermionic nature of dark matter particles and the interconnection between microphysics and macrophysical structure of galactic halos, including the general relativistic Ruffini-Argüelles-Rueda (RAR) model of fermionic DM in galaxies and its application to various galaxy types. The paper discusses model parameter constraints, the possibility of a DM core in the Galactic center, and the connection between RAR model fermions and particle physics DM candidates.
The paper by Garcia-Barreto and Momjian reports VLA B-configuration observations of the HI 21 cm line on the close disk galaxy pair NGC 5595 and NGC 5597, detecting for the first time extended structures (streamers) to the north-east (NE), and south-west (SW) of NGC 5595 with no counterparts in blue, red optical (continuum), 20 cm radio continuum, or H$\alpha$ spectral-line emission. The authors also provide lower angular resolution HI 21 cm imaging indicating the non-existence of any intergalactic HI 21 cm gas as tails or bridges between the two galaxies.
The paper "Interpolated kilonova spectra models: necessity for a phenomenological, blue component in the fitting of AT2017gfo spectra" presents a methodology for interpolating spectroscopic time series and applies it to the AT2017gfo spectral data, finding that an additional blue component is required to explain the short-wavelength residuals relative to existing models. The authors suggest a radioactive heating source as a possible third component. Arxiv URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06699v1
The paper "GRB 211211A-like Events and How Gravitational Waves May Tell Their Origin" by Yi-Han Iris Yin et al. discusses the rarity of GRB 211211A and the possibility of using gravitational wave detectors to distinguish between different types of binary systems that may have caused the burst. The authors estimate the event rate density of such bursts and calculate the detectability of neutron star-black hole and neutron star-white dwarf mergers using current and next-generation detectors.
The paper "Fine tuning of rainbow gravity functions and Klein-Gordon particles in cosmic string rainbow gravity spacetime" by Omar Mustafa discusses the need to fine-tune the variable in the rainbow functions pair for relativistic quantum particles to account for anti-particles, and considers the effects of rainbow gravity on Klein-Gordon particles in cosmic string rainbow gravity spacetime under different pairs of rainbow functions. The paper can be found at http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06546v1.
The paper, authored by Ramiro Torres-Escobedo et al., provides an overview of the TeV-Halos objects and their relevance to TeV astrophysics, with a focus on the High Altitude Water \v{C}erenkov (HAWC) observatory's contribution to their discovery and study. The paper discusses the history, discovery, knowledge, and potential of TeV-Halos for resolving the local positron excess observed on Earth. The arXiv URL for this paper is http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06271v1.
The paper by Jiang et al. presents two-dimensional two-temperature general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of magnetized accretion flows with multiple magnetic loops, finding that the accretion process strongly depends on the size of the loops and that the formation of plasmoids strongly depends on the size and polarity of the magnetic loops. The paper can be found at http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06230v1.
The paper "Prospects for detecting anisotropies and polarization of the stochastic gravitational wave background with ground-based detectors" by Giorgio Mentasti et al. builds an analytical framework to study the observability of anisotropies and polarization of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) with ground-based detectors, and applies this formalism to perform a Fisher forecast of the performance of a network consisting of current and future interferometers. They find that third-generation interferometers with an observation time of 10 years can measure multipoles up to l=8 with high accuracy relative to the isotropic component, and detect a small amount of net polarization.
The paper by Jordan et al. proposes a method using a convolutional neural network and linear quadratic estimator for near real-time detection and tracking of resident space objects (RSOs) using a low-cost embedded device to run a CNN detection model for RSOs in unresolved images captured by a gray-scale camera and small telescope.
The paper "AutoTAB: Automatic Tracking Algorithm for Bipolar Magnetic Regions" presents an automatic tracking algorithm that can track Bipolar Magnetic Regions (BMRs) for their entire lifetime or throughout their disk passage. The algorithm uses binary maps of detected regions to track them by differentially rotating the maps and checking for overlaps.
The paper "Radio timing constraints on the mass of the binary pulsar PSR J1528-3146" by Berthereau et al. presents a Bayesian analysis of timing data from the Parkes, MeerKAT and Nan\c{c}ay radio telescopes to characterize the astrometric, spin and orbital parameters of the 60.8 ms pulsar PSR J1528-3146, and constrain the masses of the two component stars of the binary, yielding measurements for the pulsar and companion masses of respectively $M_p = 1.61_{-0.13}^{+0.14}$ M$_\odot$ and $M_c = 1.33_{-0.07}^{+0.08}$ M$_\odot$.
The paper "Post-red-giant-branch Planetary Nebulae" by David Jones et al. discusses the formation of planetary nebulae through common envelope events while the progenitor star is on the red giant branch, which has been confirmed by recent theoretical and observational evidence. The study highlights the potential of these systems to reveal more about the common envelope phase in the formation of various astrophysical phenomena.
The paper by G. Valle et al. investigates the robustness of the estimated age and convective core overshooting for the CPD-54 810 binary system, finding that the age of the system with both stars in the main sequence can be reliably estimated at a 5% level, but the power of the investigation is probably low. The paper can be found at http://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.06301v1.
The paper "Far-infrared Polarization of the Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A with SOFIA HAWC+" by Jeonghee Rho et al. presents polarization observations of the young supernova remnant Cassiopeia A using the HAWC+ instrument onboard SOFIA, revealing large, silicate-dominated dust grains with strong polarization fractions and providing an estimate of the magnetic field strength in the remnant.
The paper titled "Full-frame data reduction method: a data mining tool to detect the potential variations in optical photometry" by Zhi-Bin Dai et al. presents a data reduction method called Synchronous Photometry Data Extraction (SPDE) program, which uses time series observed by small/medium aperture ground-based telescopes to detect potential variations in optical photometry, and identifies 32 potential variable light curves in two time series of cataclysmic variables.